Disaster response: Increasing frequency and severity of natural disasters in Europe

Natural disasters in Europe have become more frequent and severe in recent years, causing extensive casualties and damage to infrastructure and the environment, as reported by the EU Commission.

The European Union has taken a central role in coordinating responses to various emergencies, including floods, storms, forest fires, earthquakes, and human-induced disasters.

Disasters can strike multiple countries simultaneously without warning, necessitating a well-coordinated joint response.

The EU Civil Protection Mechanism, established in 2001, aims to enhance cooperation among EU member states and ten additional participating countries.

It focuses on improving disaster prevention, preparedness, and response.

Emergency response coordination

During emergencies, countries can request assistance through the Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC), which operates around the clock.

The ERCC monitors global events and facilitates the rapid deployment of emergency support by connecting with national civil protection authorities.

This system allows for the quick mobilisation of specialised teams and equipment, such as firefighting planes, search and rescue teams, and medical units.

The ERCC also utilises the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS) for precise geospatial information to aid in planning disaster relief operations.

This service supports efforts in disaster prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery, providing essential data for effective management.

rescEU and health emergency responses

The rescEU program, fully funded by the EU and hosted by member countries, further enhances disaster protection by managing emerging risks.

This reserve includes firefighting planes, helicopters, medical evacuation planes, and stockpiles of medical items and field hospitals.

For the 2024 wildfire season, the EU has established a fleet of 32 aerial firefighting assets and 556 firefighters across Europe, supplementing the rescEU reserve.

In health emergencies, the European Medical Corps coordinates responses under the EU Civil Protection Mechanism.

Since 2020, rescEU has strengthened medical preparedness by maintaining reserves of medical supplies and evacuation capabilities, enhancing the European Medical Corps’ ability to provide rapid medical assistance.

The European emergency phone number 112, available free of charge across the EU, connects callers to emergency services, including ambulances, fire brigades, and police.

Specially trained operators ensure that calls are directed to the appropriate service promptly.