Fire alarm guidance released for UK school lockdown use

Fire alarm systems may support both evacuation and invacuation procedures

The Fire Industry Association (FIA) has published updated guidance on using fire alarm systems to support lockdown and invacuation alerts in schools.

According to the FIA, the guidance responds to increasing interest in adapting fire detection and alarm systems for use during non-fire emergencies, including security incidents and chemical threats.

The note outlines key considerations for implementing this dual use, referring to British Standard BS 5839-1:2025 for compliance requirements.

The FIA stated that many public buildings, particularly schools, are assessing how their current alarm infrastructure can be extended to address a broader range of risks.

BS 5839-1:2025 guidance on dual alarm functionality

The guidance references Clause 5a of BS 5839-1:2025, which states that alarm systems linked to hazards other than fire must be clearly differentiated and coordinated.

The FIA explained that this requirement applies when a single fire alarm system is also used to signal lockdown alerts, which must sound different from standard fire evacuation signals.

It added that systems must be designed to prevent conflicting messages, especially in cases where different emergencies occur at the same time.

The FIA noted that in certain scenarios, such as a violent intruder on school grounds, invacuation may be given higher operational priority than evacuation.

Benefits and limitations of using fire alarm systems for lockdown

The guidance outlines several practical advantages for schools considering this dual-function use.

The FIA stated that combining lockdown alerts with existing fire alarm infrastructure can be more cost-effective than installing separate systems.

It also pointed out that fire detection and alarm systems are typically engineered for high reliability and site-wide coverage, making them suitable for time-sensitive alerts.

However, it cautioned that any adaptation must be supported by a building-specific risk assessment, technical planning, and collaboration with emergency services and installers.

Key operational considerations for schools

The FIA advised that any decision to use fire alarm systems for lockdown purposes should involve clear planning and consultation with relevant stakeholders.

It stressed that distinct alarm tones must be agreed upon and easily recognisable to avoid confusion between evacuation and lockdown instructions.

The organisation also recommended establishing procedures to manage simultaneous or conflicting emergency alerts, especially where multiple risks are present.

It emphasised the importance of ensuring that all staff understand the protocols and that decisions about alarm hierarchy are documented and agreed in advance.

Fire alarm guidance released for UK school lockdown use: Summary

The Fire Industry Association released updated guidance on 3 June 2025.

The guidance addresses using fire alarm systems for lockdown and invacuation alerts in schools.

It refers to BS 5839-1:2025 Clause 5a, which requires alarms to be distinct and coordinated.

The FIA stated that many schools are exploring this dual use due to rising safety concerns.

It noted that combining functions may reduce costs and improve system reliability.

It cautioned that lockdown alarms must be clearly differentiated from fire alarms.

The organisation said a full risk assessment must guide implementation.

It recommended stakeholder collaboration to ensure clarity and compliance.

It stated that some scenarios may prioritise invacuation over evacuation.

The FIA advised that building-specific protocols should be developed.

It concluded that schools must prepare operational responses to overlapping emergencies.